Kev Luam Ntawv thiab Kev Xim Xim: Kev Zoo Sib Xws thiab Kev Sib Txawv

I. Qhov Txawv Ntawm Kev Xim Xim Thiab Kev Luam Ntawv

TSHOOJ 01

1. Feem ntau cov tshuaj zas xim tsis muaj cov nplaum ua kom tuab lossis tsuas ntxiv me ntsis xwb, thaum cov nplaum luam ntawv feem ntau xav tau ntxiv cov nplaum ua kom tuab ntau. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv kev ntws ntawm cov qauv (uas yuav ua rau cov qauv tsis meej lossis tsis sib xws) thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim thaum lub sijhawm ziab tom qab luam ntawv.
2. Qhov concentration ntawm cov xim hauv kev zas xim feem ntau tsis siab, yog li qhov teeb meem ntawm kev yaj cov xim tsis tseem ceeb, thiab cov co-solvents feem ntau tsis ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov concentration ntawm cov xim hauv cov ntawv luam ntawv yog qhov siab heev, thiab qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev ntxiv ntau cov nplaum rau cov xim nplaum ua rau cov xim yaj nyuaj. Yog li, ntau cov co-solvents (xws li urea, cawv, thiab solubilizing ntsev B) feem ntau ntxiv.
3. Thaum lub sijhawm zas xim (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pa tawm zas xim), cov ntaub nyob hauv chav da dej zas xim ntev, cia cov zas xim kis mus rau tag nrho thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov fibers kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem zas xim. Hauv kev luam ntawv, tom qab cov nplaum ntxiv rau cov xim nplaum tau qhuav los ua ib zaj duab xis, cov txheej zaj duab xis polymer cuam tshuam kev sib kis ntawm cov zas xim rau hauv cov fibers. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los vam khom cov txheej txheem tom qab kev kho mob xws li kev ua kom sov thiab ci kom nce qhov nrawm ntawm cov zas xim thiab pab txhawb kev zas xim ntawm cov fibers.
4. Hauv kev zas xim, nws tsis tshua muaj ob hom xim sib txawv los sib xyaw ua ke rau kev sib phim xim (tshwj tsis yog thaum zas xim cov ntaub sib xyaw). Qhov sib txawv, kev luam ntawv feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev siv ntau hom xim sib txawv rau kev luam ntawv ua ke, lossis txawm tias kev luam ntawv sib xyaw ua ke. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam txheej txheem xws li kev luam ntawv tawm, tiv thaiv kev luam ntawv, thiab kev luam ntawv tseg, ua rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem luam ntawv sib txawv ntawm kev zas xim.
5. Cov ntaub luam tawm suav nrog cov khoom uas muaj kev luam tawm dawb, kev luam tawm dawb, lossis tiv thaiv kev luam tawm dawb. Yog li ntawd, kev kho ua ntej ntawm cov ntaub luam tawm grey ib nrab tiav yuav tsum muaj qib dawb zoo ib yam li cov ntaub bleached ib nrab tiav, thaum qhov xav tau dawb rau cov ntaub dyed ib nrab tiav qis dua.
6. Cov ntaub uas muaj xim ib nrab tiav lawm yuav tsum muaj cov nyhuv capillary zoo kom pab txhawb kev sib kis thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov fibers thaum lub sijhawm zas xim. Hauv kev ua cov ntaub luam tawm, kev luam ntawv thiab ziab yog cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv mus, feem ntau ua tiav hauv ob peb feeb xwb. Ntxiv mus, cov qauv luam tawm yuav tsum muaj xim sib xws, cov kab meej, cov kab du, thiab tsis muaj kev tawg. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub luam tawm uas tau txhuam thiab bleached tsis yog tsuas yog xav tau cov nyhuv capillary zoo xwb tab sis kuj xav tau cov nyhuv capillary zoo sib xws thiab zoo heev. Qhov no ua rau cov ntaub "nqus tag nrho" cov tshuaj nplaum luam ntawv ntawm thaj chaw luam tawm tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev ua capillary.
7. 

II. Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Xim Xim Thiab Kev Luam Ntawv

TSHOOJ 02

1. Muaj yim qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev zas xim thiab luam ntawv:

   ① Kev luam ntawv zoo dua zais cov teeb meem ntawm cov ntaub grey dua li zas xim.

   ② Cov ntaub luam tawm muaj cov kev cai nruj heev rau ntawm cov weft skew ntawm cov khoom tiav ib nrab.

   ③ Kev zas xim thiab luam ntawv yuav muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau tib hom zas xim.

   ④ Kev zas xim thiab luam ntawv muaj cov kev cai ua ntej kho mob sib txawv rau cov khoom tiav ib nrab (piv txwv li, qhov dawb thiab cov nyhuv capillary).

   ⑤ Cov tshuaj zas xim tsis muaj lossis tsuas muaj me me ntawm cov nplaum nplaum tuab, thaum cov nplaum luam ntawv muaj cov nplaum nplaum tuab ntau heev.

   ⑥ Thaum lub sijhawm zas xim, cov xim nkag mus thiab kis mus tag nrho; thaum luam ntawv, cov xim tsis yooj yim kis mus thiab nkag mus thiab xav tau kev ua kom sov lossis ci.

   ⑦ Cov xim zas hauv cov tshuaj zas yaj yooj yim yam tsis tas yuav siv cov tshuaj sib xyaw, thaum cov ntawv luam ntawv xav tau ntxiv cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntau dua.

   ⑧ Kev zas xim tsis tshua siv ob hom xim sib txawv rau kev sib phim xim, thaum kev luam ntawv feem ntau siv.

2. Muaj peb qhov zoo sib xws ntawm kev zas xim thiab kev luam ntawv:

   ① Rau tib hom fiber, yog tias tib xim siv rau ob qho tib si dyeing thiab luam ntawv, qhov xim nrawm yuav zoo ib yam.

   ② Cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj pabcuam siv zoo sib xws.

   ③ Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev zas xim thiab kev kho cov xim uas siv yog zoo sib xws.