Cov fibers antistatic yog ib hom tshuaj fiber uas tsis yooj yim sau cov nqi static. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej txheem, cov fibers antistatic yuav tsum muaj qhov ntim resistivity tsawg dua 10¹⁰Ω·cm lossis lub sijhawm dissipation static tsawg dua 60 vib nas this.

Cov ntaub ntawv textile feem ntau yog cov insulators hluav taws xob nrog kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov fibers hluavtaws nrog kev nqus dej tsawg xws li polyester, acrylic, thiab polyvinyl chloride fibers. Thaum lub sijhawm ua textile, kev sib cuag ze thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm cov fibers thiab cov fibers lossis cov fibers thiab cov khoom siv tshuab yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom, yog li tsim hluav taws xob zoo li qub.

Hluav taws xob static tuaj yeem coj ntau yam teeb meem tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, cov fibers uas muaj tib lub zog sib npaug sib npaug, thiab cov fibers uas muaj ntau lub zog sib txawv nyiam cov khoom siv tshuab, uas yuav ua rau cov xov paj tawg me ntsis, ua rau cov xov paj tsis zoo, ua rau cov xov paj lo rau cov khoom siv tshuab, ua rau cov xov paj tawg ntau dua, thiab cov kab sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub. Tom qab cov khaub ncaws raug them, nws yooj yim nqus cov hmoov av thiab qias neeg, thiab kev sib txuas yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov khaub ncaws thiab lub cev tib neeg, lossis ntawm cov khaub ncaws thiab khaub ncaws, thiab txawm tias cov hluav taws xob kuj tuaj yeem tsim tau. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, lub zog static tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau txhiab volts, thiab cov hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm kev tso tawm yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws kub nrog cov txiaj ntsig loj heev.

Muaj ntau txoj kev los muab cov xov paj hluavtaws thiab lawv cov ntaub nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ruaj khov. Piv txwv li, cov polymers hydrophilic lossis cov polymers conductive low-molecular-weight tuaj yeem ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm polymerization lossis spinning ntawm cov xov paj hluavtaws; cov thev naus laus zis sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov xov paj sib xyaw nrog cov txheej sab nraud hydrophilic. Hauv cov txheej txheem spinning, cov xov paj hluavtaws tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov xov paj nrog hygroscopicity muaj zog, lossis cov xov paj nrog cov nqi zoo thiab cov xov paj nrog cov nqi tsis zoo tuaj yeem sib xyaw raws li qhov ua tau. Cov khoom siv hydrophilic ruaj khov kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntaub.

Yuav kom npaj tau cov fibers uas muaj cov teebmeem antistatic ruaj khov, cov surfactants feem ntau ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom siv spinning rau kev sib xyaw spinning. Tom qab tsim cov fiber, surfactants yuav txuas ntxiv mus thiab kis mus los ntawm sab hauv ntawm cov fiber mus rau qhov chaw vim lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv, kom ua tiav cov teebmeem antistatic. Kuj tseem muaj cov txheej txheem xws li kev kho cov surfactants rau ntawm qhov chaw fiber los ntawm cov nplaum lossis hla-txuas lawv rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm qhov chaw fiber, thiab cov nyhuv zoo ib yam li txhuam cov xim pleev xim antistatic rau ntawm qhov chaw yas.

Cov tshuaj fiber no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov av noo ib puag ncig. Thaum cov av noo siab, cov av noo tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj surfactant ua haujlwm tau zoo dua, thiab kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv cov av noo tau zoo dua; nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav, cov nyhuv yuav qaug zog.

Lub hauv paus ntawm hom fiber antistatic no yog hloov kho cov polymer tsim fiber, thiab txhim kho qhov hygroscopicity ntawm cov fiber los ntawm kev ntxiv hydrophilic monomers lossis polymers, yog li muab nws nrog cov khoom antistatic. Tsis tas li ntawd, tooj liab sulfate tuaj yeem sib xyaw rau hauv acrylic spinning dope, thiab tom qab spinning thiab coagulation, nws raug kho nrog sulfur-muaj reducing agent, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm thiab conductivity durability ntawm conductive fibers. Ntxiv rau kev sib xyaw spinning, txoj kev ntxiv hydrophilic polymers thaum lub sijhawm polymerization los tsim ib qho micro-multiphase dispersion system tau maj mam tshwm sim, xws li ntxiv polyethylene glycol rau hauv caprolactam reaction sib tov los txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom antistatic.

Cov hlau conductive fibers feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb-tsim fiber. Cov hlau feem ntau suav nrog stainless hlau, tooj liab, txhuas, nickel, thiab lwm yam. Cov fibers no muaj cov hluav taws xob conductivity zoo heev, tuaj yeem ua cov nqi sai sai, thiab tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob static zoo. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv cua sov zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv tshuaj corrosion. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv rau textiles, muaj qee qhov kev txwv. Piv txwv li, cov hlau fibers muaj kev sib koom ua ke tsawg, thiab lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov fibers thaum lub sijhawm spinning tsis txaus, uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem zoo ntawm cov xov paj; cov xim ntawm cov khoom tiav lawm yog txwv los ntawm cov xim ntawm cov hlau nws tus kheej thiab yog ib leeg. Hauv kev siv ua haujlwm, lawv feem ntau sib xyaw nrog cov fibers ib txwm muaj, siv qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau fibers los muab cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv static, thiab siv cov fibers ib txwm muaj los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm spinning thiab txo cov nqi.

Cov txheej txheem npaj ntawm cov fibers conductive feem ntau suav nrog doping, txheej, carbonization, thiab lwm yam. Doping yog sib tov cov khoom tsis huv conductive rau hauv cov khoom siv fiber-forming los hloov cov qauv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom, yog li ua rau cov fiber nrog conductivity; txheej yog los tsim ib txheej conductive los ntawm kev txheej ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv carbon nrog conductivity zoo xws li carbon dub ntawm qhov chaw fiber; carbonization feem ntau siv viscose, acrylic, pitch, thiab lwm yam ua cov fibers precursor, thiab hloov lawv mus rau hauv cov fibers carbon conductive los ntawm kev kub siab carbonization. Cov carbon conductive fibers npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem no tau txais qee qhov conductivity thaum khaws cia ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab qub ntawm cov fibers. Txawm hais tias cov carbon fibers kho los ntawm carbonization muaj conductivity zoo, tiv taus cua sov thiab tshuaj lom neeg tsis kam, lawv muaj modulus siab, tawv tawv, tsis muaj toughness, tsis tiv taus kev khoov, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm shrinkage cua sov, yog li lawv qhov kev siv tsis zoo hauv qee lub sijhawm uas cov fibers xav tau kev ywj pheej zoo thiab deformability.

Cov organic conductive fibers ua los ntawm cov polymers conductive muaj cov qauv sib txuas tshwj xeeb, thiab cov electrons tuaj yeem txav mus los tau yooj yim ntawm cov saw molecular, yog li muaj conductivity. Vim lawv cov khoom conductive tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv organic, cov fibers no muaj peev xwm siv tau rau qee qhov chaw siab nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab cov nqi qis, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb thiab cov chaw dav hlau.

Cov fiber no ua tiav cov haujlwm tiv thaiv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev txheej cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li carbon dub thiab hlau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov fibers hluavtaws ib txwm muaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txheej hlau yog qhov nyuaj thiab kim heev, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam rau cov khoom hnav xws li kev xav ntawm tes ntawm cov fiber.

Txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke yog tsim ib lub fiber nrog ob lossis ntau yam khoom sib txawv los ntawm kev sib dhos sib xyaw tshwj xeeb hauv tib txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev siv ob lossis ntau cov polymers nrog cov khoom sib txawv lossis cov khoom sib txawv. Thaum npaj cov fibers antistatic, cov polymers nrog conductivity lossis polymers ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj conductive feem ntau yog siv ua ib qho khoom thiab sib xyaw nrog cov polymers tsim fiber ib txwm muaj. Piv nrog rau lwm txoj hauv kev npaj fiber antistatic, cov fibers npaj los ntawm txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke muaj cov khoom antistatic ruaj khov dua thiab muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg dua rau cov khoom qub ntawm cov fibers.

Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, thaum huab cua qhuav dhau thaum lub caij ntuj no, hluav taws xob zoo li qub yuav tsim tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab khaub ncaws, thiab qhov hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd tuaj yeem ncav cuag kaum txhiab volts hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, ua rau tib neeg lub cev tsis xis nyob. Piv txwv li, kev taug kev saum cov ntaub pua plag tuaj yeem tsim tau 1500-35000 volts ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub, kev taug kev saum cov plag tsev vinyl resin tuaj yeem tsim tau 250-12000 volts ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub, thiab kev sib txhuam rau ntawm lub rooj zaum hauv tsev tuaj yeem tsim tau ntau dua 1800 volts ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Qib ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov av noo ntawm huab cua ib puag ncig. Feem ntau, thaum qhov cuam tshuam zoo li qub tshaj 7000 volts, tib neeg yuav hnov ​​​​​​qhov hluav taws xob poob siab.

Hluav taws xob static yog qhov tsis zoo rau tib neeg lub cev. Hluav taws xob static tas mus li tuaj yeem ua rau cov alkalinity hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv, txo cov calcium hauv cov ntshav, thiab ua rau cov calcium tawm hauv cov zis ntau ntxiv. Qhov no muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau cov menyuam yaus uas tab tom loj hlob, cov neeg laus uas muaj cov calcium tsawg heev hauv cov ntshav, thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov niam uas pub niam mis uas xav tau calcium ntau. Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm hluav taws xob static hauv tib neeg lub cev yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm cov hlwb hlwb, cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav pH thiab cov yam ntxwv oxygen ntawm lub cev, cuam tshuam rau qhov sib npaug ntawm lub cev, thiab ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, chim siab, pw tsis tsaug zog, tsis xav noj mov, thiab xav tsis thoob. Hluav taws xob static kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg cov ntshav ncig, kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lub paj hlwb, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm ntau yam kabmob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub plawv), thiab yuav ua rau lub plawv dhia tsis zoo thiab lub plawv dhia ua ntej. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm cov kab mob plawv yog cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob static. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv thaj chaw uas yooj yim hlawv thiab tawg, hluav taws xob static ntawm tib neeg lub cev yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws.